Cụm động từ · Phần 3: out (Phrasal verbs with out)
Với out, nghĩa “không cháy, không sáng” nằm ở go out, put out, turn out, blow out. Riêng work out có tới bốn nghĩa. Ngoài ra là một loạt cụm hay gặp: carry out, find out, give / hand out, point out, run out of, sort out, turn out, try out.
Cụm động từ với out
| Cụm | Nghĩa | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| go out / put out / turn out / blow out | tắt (lửa, đèn, nến) | I put the fire out with a fire extinguisher. |
| work out | tập thể dục; diễn tiến; tính ra; hiểu ra | Rachel works out at the gym three times a week. |
| carry out | thực hiện (lệnh, thí nghiệm, khảo sát…) | An investigation into the accident will be carried out. |
| find out (about) | tìm ra, tìm hiểu | The police never found out who committed the crime. |
| give / hand out | phát cho từng người | The speaker gave out information sheets to the audience. |
| point out (to) | chỉ ra, lưu ý | The tour guide pointed out all the sights. |
| run out (of) | hết, cạn | We ran out of petrol on the motorway. |
| sort out | giải quyết, sắp xếp | There are a few problems we need to sort out. |
| turn out | hoá ra là | He turned out to be right. |
| try out | dùng thử | The company is trying out some new software. |
out = không cháy, không sáng: go out, put out, turn out, blow out
go out: Suddenly all the lights in the building went out. put out a fire / a cigarette / a light: I put the fire out with a fire extinguisher. turn out a light: I turned the lights out before leaving. blow out a candle: We don’t need the candle. You can blow it out.
- Suddenly all the lights in the building went out. — Đột nhiên tất cả đèn trong toà nhà tắt.
- I put the fire out with a fire extinguisher. — Tôi dập lửa bằng bình chữa cháy.
- You can blow it out. — Bạn thổi tắt nó được rồi.
work out — bốn nghĩa
(1) tập thể dục: Rachel works out at the gym three times a week. (2) diễn tiến, kết quả: Good luck for the future. I hope everything works out well for you. — Things didn’t work out. (= mọi chuyện không suôn sẻ) (3) tính ra: The total bill for three people is £97.35. That works out at £32.45 each. — work something out = tính toán: I can’t work it out in my head. (4) hiểu ra, tìm ra lời giải (work out hoặc figure out): Investigators are trying to work out what caused the accident.
- Rachel works out at the gym three times a week. — Rachel tập gym ba buổi một tuần.
- That works out at £32.45 each. — Tính ra mỗi người 32,45 bảng.
- Investigators are trying to work out what caused the accident. — Các điều tra viên đang tìm nguyên nhân vụ tai nạn.
carry out; find out; give / hand out; point out
carry out an order / an experiment / a survey / an investigation / a plan: Soldiers are expected to carry out orders. find out that / what / when… = biết được, tìm ra; find out about… = tìm hiểu thông tin về: I just found out that it’s Helen’s birthday today. I checked a few websites to find out about hotels in the town. give / hand things out = phát cho từng người: At the end of the lecture, the speaker gave out information sheets to the audience. point something out (to somebody) = chỉ ra, khiến ai chú ý: As we drove through the city, the tour guide pointed out all the sights. I didn’t realise I’d made a mistake until somebody pointed it out to me.
- Soldiers are expected to carry out orders. — Binh lính phải thực hiện mệnh lệnh.
- The police never found out who committed the crime. — Cảnh sát chưa bao giờ tìm ra ai gây án.
- Somebody pointed it out to me. — Có người đã chỉ ra điều đó cho tôi.
run out (of); sort out; turn out; try out
run out of something = dùng hết: We ran out of petrol on the motorway. sort something out = giải quyết, sắp xếp: There are a few problems we need to sort out. All these papers are mixed up. I’ll have to sort them out. turn out to be … / turn out good / turn out that … = hoá ra là: Nobody believed Paul at first, but he turned out to be right. The weather wasn’t so good in the morning, but it turned out nice later. I thought they knew each other, but it turned out that they’d never met. try out a machine / a system / a new idea = dùng thử: The company is trying out some new software at the moment.
- We ran out of petrol on the motorway. — Chúng tôi hết xăng trên đường cao tốc.
- Paul turned out to be right. — Hoá ra Paul đúng.
- The company is trying out some new software. — Công ty đang dùng thử phần mềm mới.
Lưu ý
- Mẹo: run out (hết) khác run out OF something (hết cái gì); work out và figure out đều có nghĩa “hiểu ra”.