in, on, at: các cách dùng khác (in / on / at (other uses))
Ngoài thời gian và nơi chốn, in, on, at còn đi với nhiều cụm cố định không theo quy tắc nào, nên phải học theo cụm. in: in the rain / sun / shade / dark, in a language, in a currency, in love, in a mood, in my opinion. on: on TV / the radio / the phone, on fire, on purpose, on the whole, on holiday / a trip / business / strike / a diet. at: at the age of 16, at 90 miles an hour, at 100 degrees.
in the rain / the sun / the shade / the dark / bad weather
We sat in the shade. It was too hot to sit in the sun. Don’t go out in the rain. Wait until it stops. Cũng nói in the dark, in bad weather, in cold weather, in fog.
- Don’t go out in the rain. Wait until it stops. — Đừng ra ngoài lúc trời mưa. Đợi tạnh đã.
- It was too hot to sit in the sun. — Trời nóng quá, không ngồi nắng được.
in a language / in a currency
How do you say ‘thank you’ in Russian? How much is a hundred pounds in dollars? Cũng nói in English, in euros, in cash.
- How do you say ‘thank you’ in Russian? — Cảm ơn nói bằng tiếng Nga thế nào?
- How much is a hundred pounds in dollars? — Một trăm bảng là bao nhiêu đô la?
in love (with) / in a good / bad mood / in my opinion
(be / fall) in love (with somebody): They’re very happy together. They’re in love. in a (good / bad) mood: You seem to be in a bad mood. What’s the matter? in (my) opinion: In my opinion the movie wasn’t very good.
- They’re very happy together. They’re in love. — Họ rất hạnh phúc bên nhau. Họ đang yêu nhau.
- In my opinion the movie wasn’t very good. — Theo tôi, bộ phim không hay lắm.
on TV / on the radio / on the phone / on fire / on purpose / on the whole
on TV (on television), on the radio, on the phone: I didn’t see the news on TV. I heard the weather forecast on the radio. I’ve never met her, but I’ve spoken to her on the phone. on fire: Look! That car is on fire. on purpose (= cố ý): I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to hurt you. I didn’t do it on purpose. on the whole (= nói chung): Sometimes I have problems at work, but on the whole I enjoy my job.
- I didn’t see the news on TV. — Tôi không xem tin tức trên TV.
- Sometimes I have problems at work, but on the whole I enjoy my job. — Thỉnh thoảng tôi gặp trục trặc ở chỗ làm, nhưng nói chung tôi thích công việc.
on holiday / on a trip / on business / on strike / on a diet
(be / go) on holiday / on vacation, on a trip / on a tour / on a cruise, on business, on strike, on a diet: I’m going on holiday next week. One day I’d like to go on a world tour. Emma’s away on business at the moment. There are no trains today. The drivers are on strike. I’ve put on weight. I’ll have to go on a diet. Cũng nói go somewhere for a holiday: Steve has gone to France for a holiday.
- I’m going on holiday next week. — Tuần sau tôi đi nghỉ.
- The drivers are on strike. — Các tài xế đang đình công.
at the age of 16 / at 90 miles an hour / at 100 degrees
Với tuổi, tốc độ, nhiệt độ, độ cao dùng at: Tracy left school at 16 (hoặc at the age of 16). The train was travelling at 120 miles an hour. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. We are now flying at a speed of 800 kilometres an hour and at an altitude of 9,000 metres.
- Tracy left school at the age of 16. — Tracy bỏ học lúc 16 tuổi.
- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. — Nước sôi ở 100 độ C.
Lưu ý
- Không có quy tắc chung: hãy học theo cụm (in love, on purpose, at 16).